Why is it Necessary to Protect Hornets?

Hornets play a crucial role in pollination and maintaining environmental balance, despite their venomous sting. However, they are becoming increasingly vulnerable to human activity, as their grubs are hunted for consumption due to their high nutritional value. Many hotels and restaurants have recently started using hornets as unique ingredients in dishes.

For some, hornet harvesting is a source of income, and in villages, the ability to hunt hornets is glorified as a sign of courage. The act of hornet hunting, often carried out in forests, is risky, as hunters put their lives in danger.

People knowledgeable about the ecological significance of hornets have voiced concerns about the growing hunting practices. These insects are natural cleaners and disease preventers, leading to calls for their conservation.

Dr. Indra Prasad Subedi, a lecturer at Tribhuvan University's Central Department of Botany, emphasized that insects like hornets and wasps, part of the bee family, help prevent vector-borne diseases in plants. He stressed the urgent need for public awareness regarding hornet conservation.

If haphazard hunting continues unchecked, these insects may face extinction. Dr. Subedi noted that hornets sting only when they feel threatened. While their sting can be deadly, the general perception of the insect is often negative. They become aggressive if their habitat is disturbed or if they are provoked.

"Hornets, like other insects, act defensively when they feel insecure. Burning their hives is not an ecologically sound practice," he said.

Komal Raj Kafle, chief of the Kaski Forest Division Office, stated that killing any animal or insect without permission is illegal under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act of 2029 BS. Recent reports have surfaced of hotels in Myagdi serving hornet-based dishes, prompting authorities to initiate awareness-raising over legal action in the initial phase.

To raise awareness about the ecological impact of indiscriminate hornet hunting, the office has placed informative boards in various locations.

Hornets, which live in tall trees and high cliffs, play a key role in pollination, often in places bees cannot reach. These insects are highly resilient, preferring habitats like mango and pear trees. They are major contributors to pollinating high-altitude trees and plants. Hornets are highly adaptable insects, changing habitats with the seasons.

In countries like China, domestic hornet farming is practiced. The roles of insects, especially hornets, are vital for environmental conservation, the ecological cycle, and food production. A single hornet hive can consume over 3,000 mosquitoes and other harmful insects, helping maintain the natural balance. Without pollination, many plants would not bear fruit.

Kafle urged the public to avoid disturbing hornet habitats, as their sting can be deadly. A medical study reveals that 25 percent of hornet stings result in fatal injuries due to venom left in the human body.

Nepal is home to 11 species of hornets. According to Prem Lamichhane, a central member of the Federation of Community Forest Users' Group, hornet hives are becoming less visible in forests. -- RSS